The war in Ukraine
has pulled into focus the notion of non-alignment among states of the ‘Global
South’. Some observers have drawn parallels with the emergence of the Non-Aligned
Movement (NAM) that formed in the wake of the 1955 Bandung Conference, seeking to organise
postcolonial states into a movement for decolonisation, nonaggression, and
noninterference in the internal affairs of another country (Final Communiqué of
the Asian-African Conference 1955). The first summit of the NAM was convened in
Belgrade by Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Kwame
Nkrumah of Ghana, Sukarno of Indonesia and Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia in
1961. One of its core principles in the context of the Cold War was that
members should refrain from allying with either of the super-powers, the United
States and the USSR (Munro n.d.).
With the
dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the NAM seemed to have lost its raison
d’etre. Yet today, around the world and across the political spectrum,
there is a sense that the NAM’s values are being resurrected, or must be,
although the definition of these values is disputed.